PLUTEUS SALICINUS
Espèce: Pluteus salicinus (Pers.:Fr.)Kumm.,non ss
Ricken.
Synonymes: Pluteus petasatus (Fr.)Gillet,ssRicken,non ss
KR. = Pluteus rigens Pers.,ss Maire,non ss Rea.
Noms communs: Plutée du saule. Allem:
Grünlichgrauer Dachpilz.
Chapeau: 3-6 cm, gris violacé ou gris
verdâtre, un peu mamelonné, plus foncé et
légèrement écailleux au centre.
Lamelles: d'abord blanches, puis blanc rosé.
Pied: 4-8(10) x 0,5-1 cm, blanchâtre ou gris
bleuté ou gris verdâtre pâle.
Chair: blanchâtre, sans odeur ni saveur
particulières.
Spores: rosâtre pâle en masse, 7-8 x 5-6
µ.
Habitat: sur troncs et souches de feuillus.
Observations: sans intérêt alimentaire. Des études effectuées sur cette espèce récoltée en Norvège ont démontré la présence de psylocibine à hauteur de 0,35% sur matériel sec:
A. L. Christiansen1 , K. E. Rasmussen (1) , K. Høiland (2)
1 - Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo 3, Norway
2 - Botanical Museum, University of Oslo Trondheimsveien 23 B, 0560 Oslo 5, Norway
Detection of Psilocybin and Psilocin in Norwegian Species of Pluteus and Conocybe.
Abstract: A screening of Norwegian mushrooms for the presence of hallucinogenic indole alkaloids was carried out using HPLC with ultraviolet, fluorescence and electrochemical detection. The analysis revealed psilocybin and psilocin in two mushroom species: Pluteus salicinus and Conocybe cyanopus. The content of psilocybin and psilocin in dried material of Pluteus salicinus was determined to be 0.35% and 0.011%, respectively, and dried samples of Conocybe cyanopus were found to contain 0.33-0.55% psilocybin and 0.004-0.007% psilocin.
J Gartz: Occurrence of Psilocybin and Baeocystin in Fruit Bodies of Pluteus Salicinus
Abstract; Using HPLC and TLC, psilocybin and baeocystin but not psilocin were found in extracts of dried fruit bodies of PLUTEUS SALICINUS. Caps contain more psilocybin than stems. The amount of psilocybin varies and was as high as 1.57% in the caps. Urea was also detected. This substance is virtually exclusively localized in the caps. Baeocystin and tryptophan were also found only in the caps. There was a correlation between the content of psilocybin and that of urea.
Bibliographie: extraits de Mycofile, logiciel de
bibliographie de J.Trimbach:
- BINOME ACTUEL: Pluteus salicinus (Pers.: Fr.) Kummer
- BASIONYME: Agaricus salicinus Persoon
- DESCRIPTION ORIGINALE: Icon.et Descr.F.minus cognit.1
p.9,1798
- Breitenbach et Kränzlin,1995,Champignons de Suisse 4
p.132, pl.125 (sub Pluteus salicinus)
- Cooke,1881-91,Illustrations of British Fungi, pl.1157 A (sub
Agaricus salicinus)
- Cooke,1883,Handb.of Brit.Fungi (2°éd.) p.371 (sub
Agaricus salicinus)
- Dennis,1986,Fungi of the Hebrides, Kew p.71 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Enderle,1986,Ulmer Pilzfl. 1 p.64, pl.fig.22 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Fayod,1889,Ann.Sci.Nat.,sér.7, 9 (Prodr.) p.364 (sub
Pluteus salignus)
- Fries,1821,Systema Mycologicum 1 p.202 (sub Agaricus
salicinus)
- Fries,1838,Epicrisis systemat.mycol. p.141 (sub Agaricus
salicinus)
- Fries,1857,Monographia Hymenom.Sueciae 1 p.264 (sub Agaricus
salicinus)
- Fries,1874,Hymenomycetes Europaei p.186 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Gillet,1878,Champ.de Fr.(= 1874 + 133 pl.) p.393 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Kauffman,1918,The Agaricaceae of Michigan p.539 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Konrad et Maublanc,1930,Icones Sel.Fungorum 1 (fasc.6) p.21/1,
pl.21/1 (sub Pluteus salicinus)
- Kummer,1871,Führer in die Pilzkunde p.99 (sub Pluteus
salicinus) (n.c.)
- Lange,1936(37),Flora Agaricina Danica 2, pl.69/C (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Massee,1893,British Fungus Flora 2 p.286 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Orton,1986,Brit.Fungus Flora 4 (Plut.) pp.21-22 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Persoon,1798,Icon.et Descr.F.minus cognit.1 p.9 (sub Agaricus
salicinus) (n.sp.)
- Persoon,1801,Synopsis meth.Fungorum, pars 1 p.344 (sub Agaricus
salicinus)
- Quélet,1872,Champ.Jura et Vosges 1 (1°éd.)
p.115 (sub Pluteus salicinus)
- Quélet,1886,Enchiridion Fungorum p.55 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Quélet,1888,Flore Mycologique de France p.187 (sub
Pluteus salicinus)
- Rea,1922,British Basidiomycetaceae p.59 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Ricken,1910-15,Die Blätterpilze p.277 (sub Pluteus
petasatus)
- Ricken,1910-15,Die Blätterpilze p.280, pl.70/5 (sub
Pluteus salicinus)
- Romagnesi,1937,Revue de Mycologie 2 p.135 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Ryman et Holmasen,1984,Svampar p.390, pl.p.390/1 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Saccardo (E.Mussat),1901,Sylloge Fung.15 (Synonym.1-14) p.298
(sub Pluteus salicinus)
- Saccardo,1887,Sylloge Fungorum 5 (Agar.1) p.668 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Saccardo,1897,Sylloge Fung.12 (Index T.1-11) p.590 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Saccardo,1911,Sylloge Fung.20 (Index Icon.2) p.467 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Saupe S.G.,1981,Mycologia 73 (Psilocybine) pp.781-784 (sub
Pluteus salicinus)
- Schroeter,1889,Cohn's Kryp.Fl.Schlesien 3 (1) p.620 (sub
Rhodosporus salicinus) (n.c.)
- Senn-Irlet, Baumann et Chételat,2000,Mycologia Helvetica
11(1) p.86 (sub Pluteus salicinus)
- Smith W.G.,1891,Outlines of Brit.Fungol.(Supp) p.81 (sub
Agaricus salicinus)
- Vandeven,1995,AMK Mededelingen 95(4) pp.112-114 (sub Pluteus
salicinus)
- Vellinga,1990,Flora Agaricina Neerlandica 2 pp.33-34, pl.fig.13
(sub Pluteus salicinus)
.