Boletus L.
Recent molecular studies have shown that Boletus in its current circumscription is likely an artificial grouping and it is possible that it will be split at some point into smaller genera. Note that Boletus impolitus and Boletus depilatus for practical reasons are retained here, although there is strong evidence that they are closely related to Xerocomus subtomentosus and its allies.
Fruitbody large to medium sized, boletoid, without veil and ring. Stipe solid, with surface usually covered with granules or network. Flesh variously coloured, changing or not when exposed to air. Tubes easily separable from each other, not tearing apart. Pores usually small and rounded.
Boletus reticulatus Schaeff.
Description
Cap up to 20cm, hemispherical, then convex, flat convex or flat, mostly dry or sometimes slightly viscid, especially older fruitbodies and in wet weather, usually finely to coarsely cracked, almost uniformly coloured throughout, pale brown to brown, sometimes discoloured to ochraceous, greyish ochraceous or almost entirely whitish, not blueing when bruised. Stipe club-shaped or cylindrical or sometimes, almost concolorous with the cap, with fine network throughout. Flesh white, sometimes spotted brownish at the stipe base, unchanging when exposed to air. Tubes initially white, then cream, pale yellow to yellow with olivaceous tint, unchanging when exposed to air. Pores concolorous with the tubes, unchanging when bruised. Smell not distinctive. Taste not distinctive. Spores 11.5–19.5 × 3.5–5.5 μm, ratio 2.6–4.2. Pileipellis (the cap cuticle) trichodermium of interwoven septate hyphae. Cells of the hyphae moslty cylindrical, not incrusted. Chemical reactions: hyphae of flesh in the stipe base inamyloid with Melzer’s solution.
Habitat. Broadleaf or mixed forests, mycorrhizal with deciduous trees – oaks (Quercus), beech (Fagus), sweet chestnut (Castanea), hazel (Coryllus), hornbeam (Carpinus) or lime (Tilia)
Distribution. In Europe widespread, likely more common in south.
Note. Some authors use for this species the name Boletus aestivalis Paulet.
Photographs
Fruitbody of Boletus reticulatus. (photo M. Mikšík)
Fruitbodies of Boletus reticulatus. (photo M. Mikšík)
Well developed fruitbodies of Boletus reticulatus. (photo B. Assyov)
Fruitbody of Boletus reticulatus. (photo B. Assyov)
Boletus reticulatus - stipe and pores. (photo B. Assyov)
Boletus reticulatus - detail of the cap surface. (photo B. Assyov)
Boletus reticulatus - detail of the stipe surface. Note the fine network. (photo B. Assyov)
Boletus reticulatus - spores. Scale bar = 10 μm. (photo B. Assyov)
Important literature
Alessio, C.L. 1985. Boletus Dill. ex L. (sensu lato). – In: Fungi Europaei. Vol. 2. Pp. 1–705. Libreria editrice Biella Giovanna, Saronno.
Breitenbach J. & Kränzlin F. 1991. Pilze der Schweiz. Bd. 3(1). Röhrlinge und Blätterpilze. Verlag Mykologia, Luzern.
Dentinger, B.T.M., Ammirati, J.F., Both, E.E, Desjardin, D.E., Halling, R.E., Henkel, T.W., Moreau, P.-A., Nagasawa, E., Soytong, K., Taylor, A.F., Watling, R., Moncalvo, J.M. & McLaughlin, D.J. 2010. Molecular phylogenetics of porcini mushrooms (Boletus section Boletus). – Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 1276–1292. (available online)
Engel, H., Krieglsteiner, G., Dermek, A. & Watling, R. 1983. Dickröhrlinge. Die Gattung Boletus in Europa. Verlag Heinz Engel, Weidhausen b. Coburg.
Estadès, A. & Lannoy, G. 2004. Les bolets européens. – Bulletin Mycologique et Botanique Dauphiné-Savoie 44(3): 3–79.
Galli, R. 1998. I Boleti. Atlante pratico-monographico per la determinazione dei boleti. Edinatura, Milano.
Hansen, L. & Knudsen, H. 1992. Nordic Macromycetes. Vol. 2. Polyporales, Boletales, Agaricales, Russulales. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen.
Korhonen, M., Liimatainen, K. & Niskanen, T. 2009: A new boletoid fungus, Boletus pinetorum, in the Boletus section Boletus from Fennoscandia (Basidiomycota, Boletales). – Karstenia 49: 41–60.
Knudsen, H. & Vesterholt, J. [eds.]. 2008. Funga Nordica. Nordsvamp, Kopenhagen.
Lannoy, G. & Estadès, A. 2001. Les Bolets. Flore mycologique d’Europe. Documents Mycologiques Mémoire Hors série no. 6. Pp. 1–163. Association d’Écologie et de Mycologie, Lille.
Muñoz, J.A. 2005. Boletus s. l. – In: Fungi Europaei. Vol. 1. Pp. 1–951. Edizioni Candusso, Alassio.
Pilát, A. & Dermek, A. 1974. Hríbovité huby. Československé hríbovité a sliziakovité huby (Boletaceae – Gomphidiaceae). Veda, Bratislava.
Singer, R. 1967. Die Röhrlinge. II. Die Boletoideae und Strobilomycetaceae. – In: Die Pilze Mitteleuropas. Vol. 6. Pp. 1–151. Julius Klinkhardt Verlag, Bad Heilbrunn.
Šutara, J., Mikšík, M. & Janda, V. 2009. Hřibovité houby. Čeled’ Boletaceae a rody Gyrodon, Gyroporus, Boletinus a Suillus. Academia, Praha.
Watling, R. 1970. Boletaceae, Gomphidiaceae, Paxillaceae. – In: Henderson, D.M., Orton, P.D. & Watling, R. [eds]. British fungus flora. Agarics and Boleti. Vol. 1. Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
Watling, R. & Hills, A.E. 2005. Boletes and their allies (revised and enlarged edition). – In: Henderson, D.M., Orton, P.D. & Watling, R. [eds]. British Fungus Flora. Agarics and boleti. Vol. 1. Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.